Malaysia General Insurance 2025

Malaysia’s general insurance industry recorded higher underwriting profits in 2025, with gains in fire, marine, and personal accident classes helping to counter continued losses in motor, according to data from the General Insurance Association of Malaysia (PIAM).

Industry results and business composition
PIAM reported that the general insurance market generated gross written premium (GWP) of RM24.2 billion in 2025, up 4.8% from RM23.1 billion a year earlier. Underwriting profit increased to RM1.2 billion, RM125 million higher than in 2024, with the industry’s overall combined ratio reported at about 93%. Motor insurance remained the largest class of business, contributing 45.2% of total premiums. Fire insurance accounted for 20.9%, while personal accident (PA) represented 6.5%. Taken together, motor, fire, and PA delivered overall premium growth of 6.1% for the general insurance sector in 2025.

Motor premiums grow, but line remains in loss
Motor GWP rose to RM10.9 billion in 2025, representing year-on-year growth of 5.0%, compared with 6.7% in 2024. Despite the increase in premiums, the motor segment remained in an underwriting loss position, with a deficit of RM289.3 million and a combined ratio of 103%. The modest improvement of 0.7 percentage point in the combined ratio relative to 2024 was linked to stricter underwriting practices. However, higher costs in the private car segment continued to push claims above premiums. Claims experience reflected both sustained frequency and higher average claim amounts. Private car claim frequency remained above 7% during 2025, with higher incidence observed in high-volume models such as the Proton X50 and X70, where a larger share of drivers are younger. Average claim severity for private cars increased to RM8,831, reflecting spare parts inflation across models including the Proton Saga and Proton X50.

Fire, MAT, and PA provide underwriting support
Fire insurance, the second-largest class in the portfolio, posted GWP of RM5.0 billion in 2025, compared with RM4.7 billion in 2024, an increase of 6.9%. The line reported underwriting profit of RM700.8 million and a combined ratio of 69.5%. Premium growth in fire was attributed to higher sums insured on residential sub-sales and rising rebuild costs, with more exposure associated with older landed properties in suburban areas.

Marine, aviation, and transit (MAT) business saw a small decline in top-line premium but remained profitable overall. MAT GWP decreased 2.2% to RM1.79 billion from RM1.83 billion in 2024, amid softer conditions in offshore oil-related and cargo segments. These two segments accounted for 37.6% and 33.9% of the MAT portfolio, respectively. The MAT class generated underwriting profit of RM108.1 million with a combined ratio of 73.1%, lower than the RM161.8 million in underwriting profit reported for 2024. Cargo and marine hull lines together accounted for nearly 90% of MAT business.

Personal accident insurance continued to expand in volume. GWP in PA rose 12.2% to RM1.6 billion in 2025 from RM1.4 billion in 2024. Higher demand for travel insurance, in line with ongoing recovery in outbound travel since 2023, together with wider adoption of digital distribution and a firmer economic backdrop, supported premium growth. Policy uptake was particularly strong for destinations where the ringgit provides relatively higher purchasing power.

Electric Vehicles Fire Risk

There has been speculation online that electric vehicles (EVs) pose a major fire risk and that insurance companies may refuse to cover damages if an EV catches fire at home or inside a building car park. However, the General Insurance Association of Malaysia (PIAM) says standard fire insurance policies generally still apply regardless of whether the fire was caused by an EV, a petrol-powered vehicle or other electrical sources. PIAM said that the fire insurance coverage is based on the fire incident itself, and not specifically the type of vehicle involved.

Higher Fire Risk - According to available data and statistics do not indicate that EVs have a higher fire risk compared to petrol or diesel vehicles. In fact, PIAM said ICE vehicles currently present a higher fire exposure risk than EVs.

Malaysia’s Fire and Rescue Department (BOMBA) has also stated that the risk of fire in EV is far lower than combustion vehicles. Data from the United States and Europe, which showed that EVs catch fire less frequently than gasoline-powered cars.

There were 1,530 fires per 100,000 gasoline vehicles (1.53%) and 3,475 fires per 100,000 hybrid vehicles (3.48%). Meanwhile, there were 25 fires per 100,000 EVs (0.025%).

2025 Industry Performance - PIAM’s latest industry report, fire insurance remained one of the strongest-performing business segments for Malaysia’s general insurance industry in 2025.

PIAM said fire insurance recorded RM5.0 billion in Gross Written Premium (GWP) last year, representing 20.9% of the overall portfolio and making it the industry’s second-largest business line after motor insurance.

The segment also posted an underwriting profit of RM700.8 million with a Combined Ratio of 69.5%.

Fire insurance growth was driven largely by higher rebuild costs and inflation in residential property values, especially for older landed homes in suburban areas.

31,517 Declared Bankrupt - 2021 - 2026

Malaysia recorded a total of 31,517 bankruptcy cases from 2021 to March 2026, with nearly half of them stemming from personal loans. Official data shows that 14,582 cases, or 46 per cent, were categorized as bankruptcies due to personal debt pressure.

4,704 cases, or 15 per cent of the total, involved individuals aged 34 years and below. The data highlights the importance of awareness about financial management and financial literacy from an early stage, especially among young families in planning their financial commitments based on their respective capabilities.

The government is currently focusing efforts on providing a “second chance” to four target groups: single parents, micro-business operators, victims of financial scams, and victims of abandoned housing projects. This policy allows those affected to restart their lives and reorganize their finances. For example, some individuals become bankrupt not solely due to poor financial management, but because of misfortunes such as purchasing homes that were never completed while still having to bear the debt burden.

The government has also enhanced the bankruptcy discharge criteria by raising the debt threshold from RM50,000 to RM200,000 to give greater opportunity for affected individuals to exit bankruptcy status.

Fraudulent Insurance Claim - Vietnam

Phú Thọ Provincial Police has detained and launched legal proceedings against members of a scam ring who allegedly intentionally fractured their own bones to fraudulently obtain insurance payouts.

Tạ Minh Châu, 20, a former staff member at the formerly Cẩm Khê District’s medical centre, was identified as the ringleader. Châu is accused of having devised a tightly organized and inhumane scheme for insurance fraud by taking advantage of his professional experience in the healthcare sector, as well as his knowledge of human anatomy and insurance payout mechanisms.

Investigation documents said that Châu personally persuaded many locals in the area to purchase insurance. After their contracts became effective, he inflicted injuries on the policyholders to create claims for compensation.

Châu allegedly injected them with anaesthetics, then used syringes, claw hammers, and other objects to fracture and chip their bones, resembling injuries from real accidents.

He then instructed them to stage fake accident scenes, such as falling due to an electric shock or into a stream, to legitimise medical records.

At least seven of his accomplices have been identified. They allegedly purchased insurance policies under Châu’s instructions and agreed to let him cause injuries to them.

Using Châu’s method, the group is said to have unlawfully obtained more than VNĐ6 billion (US$228,000) from multiple life insurance providers.

Police assessed this scheme as extremely cruel, showing blatant disregard for human life and health. The injuries were also deliberately inflicted at locations on the body that would yield the highest insurance payouts, making it difficult for insurance companies to detect fraud.

Malaysia RM9.4 Billions Medical Claims

Medical claims - rose 5.3 per cent in 2025 from a year earlier, making up the largest share of total payouts at 53.9 per cent, according to the Life Insurance Association of Malaysia (Liam).
In its 2025 annual report, Liam said medical claims increased to RM9.4 billion from RM8.9 billion in 2024.

Liam said total claims payouts, including death, disability, medical, bonuses and other benefits, rose 3.4 per cent to RM17.4 billion in 2025 from RM16.8 billion in 2024. Disability benefits, which accounted for 0.9 per cent of total payouts, recorded the sharpest growth, surging 77.4 per cent from RM89 million in 2024 to RM157.9 million in 2025.

Premium Growth - In force premium rose 3.1 per cent to RM50.7 billion from RM49.1 billion in 2024, driven mainly by a 9.4 per cent increase in group policies and a six per cent rise in investment-linked policies. Traditional policies, however, declined 2.9 per cent to RM15.6 billion.

The total sums assured in force rose 2.8 per cent to RM2.11 trillion in 2025 from RM2.05 trillion in 2024, while investment-linked policies recorded a 4.4 per cent increase to RM1.09 trillion in 2025. This was followed by group policies sums assured in force which grew by 2.6 per cent to RM721.3 billion in 2025 whereas sums assured in force of traditional policies fell 2.6 per cent.

Number of Policies - in force edged down 2.3 per cent to 12.7 million units in 2025 from 12.9 million units a year earlier. It noted that investment-linked policies in force increased 1.9 per cent to seven million units, while group policies slipped 1.5 per cent and traditional policies declined by seven per cent.

Several insurers have barred their agents from “engaging in or promoting” cash trust schemes as regulators step up enforcement of these products, which are often marketed with the promise of high or guaranteed returns.

Internal circulars issued across the industry show what looks like a coordinated move to prohibit agents from offering cash trust schemes amid growing regulatory concern about their legality, structure and potential risks to investors.

These shifts reflect a general caution to firm restrictions as the Securities Commission Malaysia (SC) begins to assert its oversight on a segment that has long been in a regulatory grey area. The notices issued warn that such schemes are often associated with “high or guaranteed returns”, may involve unlicensed activities and carry the risk of misleading representations.

The industry’s response suggests that regulated financial institutions are moving ahead of formal rules to insulate themselves from any potential fallout. Insurers, whose agency networks often double as distribution channels for a range of financial products, appear particularly sensitive to the risk that agents’ involvement could mislead customers into believing such schemes are regulated.

The circulars explicitly warn that even informal referrals or information-sharing could be construed as endorsement. The circulars stress that the insurance companies do not run cash trust schemes and caution that any involvement by agents could create the false impression of company endorsement. 

Cash Trust Products - which allow clients to place funds with a trustee company to be managed on their behalf, occupy an unusual position in Malaysia’s financial services ecosystem. Unlike bank deposits, these products are not covered by deposit insurance protection. At the same time, they have historically fallen outside the direct supervisory remit of both Bank Negara and the SC, leaving the products in what market participants often describe as a regulatory “no man’s land”.

In practice, some cash trust schemes have been marketed as low-risk instruments capable of generating steady returns, sometimes exceeding 10% annually, through investment activities or money-lending arrangements.

The structures can resemble deposit-taking or pooled investment schemes, but without the licensing requirements imposed on banks, fund managers or unit trust operators. Some also impose lock-in periods of three to five years, with penalties for early withdrawal.

Indonesia Insurance Income Growth Premium Decline 2025

Indonesia's life insurance industry recorded steady growth in coverage and income in the first nine months of 2025, despite a slight decline in premiums, according to the Indonesian Life Insurance Association (AAJI).

AAJI data from 56 life insurers showed the number of insured persons reached 151.56 million as of September 2025, up 12.8% year on year. AAJI claim the increase reflects rising public awareness of the need for long-term financial protection.

Both individual and group segments expanded. Individual policyholders rose 16.9% to 22.32 million, whilst group insured lives increased 12.1% to 129.25 million. Total industry income grew 3.2% to $10.28b (Rp174.21t) in January–September 2025.

Premium income, however, edged down 1.1% to $7.86b (Rp133.22t) due to a fall in single-premium sales as household purchasing power continued to recover.

AAJI said regular premiums remained resilient, rising 5% to $4.90b (Rp83.04t), indicating that consumers are shifting towards more affordable periodic payment products.